ABERRATION A deficiency in a lens or optical system causing image distortions.
AGC (Automatic Gain Control) Amplifies the video signal when its strength falls below a preset level.
ALC (Automatic Light Control) Adjusts the lens sensitivity by measuring light intensity.
ANGLE OF VIEW The extent of the scene captured by a camera, expressed in degrees.
APERTURE The opening in a lens that controls the amount of light reaching the sensor.
APERTURE SCALE (F-Number) A numerical scale (e.g., F1.4, F2, F2.8) that indicates the size of the lens opening.
ASPHERICAL LENS A lens element with a non-spherical surface designed to reduce aberrations.
AUTO-IRIS LENS A lens with an electronically controlled iris that adjusts automatically based on lighting conditions.
AUTO WHITE BALANCE Adjusts color balance automatically to render whites naturally under varying light.
BACK FOCUS The distance from the lens to the image sensor; crucial for proper focus.
BLC (Back Light Compensation) Adjusts exposure to reduce the effects of strong backlighting.
BRIGHTNESS The intensity of light in an image.
BINNING Combining adjacent pixels to improve sensitivity in low-light conditions.
CAMERA FORMAT The size of a cameras sensor, which affects resolution and field of view.
C-MOUNT A lens mounting standard with a 1" x 32 thread and a specific back focus distance.
CS-MOUNT A variation of C-Mount with a shorter distance from the lens to the sensor.
CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) A type of image sensor known for high-quality image capture.
CMOS SENSOR An image sensor technology that offers low power consumption and high integration.
COLOR TEMPERATURE Measured in Kelvins, it affects the overall color cast of an image.
DC TYPE AUTO-IRIS An auto-iris lens where the iris is controlled by the cameras internal circuitry.
DNR (Digital Noise Reduction) Techniques used to reduce visual noise in digital images.
DYNAMIC RANGE The ratio between the darkest and brightest parts of an image.
EXPOSURE The total amount of light per unit area reaching the sensor.
EV (Exposure Value) A single number representing a combination of a camera's shutter speed and aperture.
EDGE ENHANCEMENT A digital technique to sharpen images by emphasizing edges.
F-NUMBER Indicates the size of the lens aperture; lower numbers mean a larger aperture.
F-STOP A term synonymous with F-number, representing lens speed.
FOCAL LENGTH The distance from the lens to the sensor at which an object is in focus; determines magnification and field of view.
FRAME RATE The number of frames captured per second in a video.
GAIN The amplification applied to the video signal, used to brighten images in low light.
GAMMA CORRECTION A nonlinear process used to adjust the luminance of an image.
HD High Definition video, typically with higher resolution than standard definition.
HDR (High Dynamic Range) Technology to capture a wider range of light and dark details.
HUE The attribute of a color that distinguishes red, green, blue, etc.
IRIS A diaphragm that controls the size of the aperture in a lens.
IMAGE SENSOR The component (CCD or CMOS) that converts light into an electronic signal.
INTERLACED A video scanning method that displays alternating lines per frame.
IP CAMERA A digital camera that transmits data over an IP network.
JPEG A common format for compressing digital images.
JITTER Variability in video signal timing that can cause image instability.
KELVIN The unit of measurement for color temperature.
KEY LIGHT The main source of illumination in a scene.
LENS DISTORTION The deviation of an image from its true shape caused by imperfections in the lens.
LUMINANCE The brightness or light intensity in an image.
LOW LIGHT PERFORMANCE A camera's ability to capture clear images in dim conditions.
MEGAPIXEL A unit of image resolution equal to one million pixels.
MOTION DETECTION A feature that detects movement and triggers recording or alerts.
MANUAL FOCUS A focus mode that allows the user to adjust focus manually.
MIRRORLESS A type of camera design that omits the mirror mechanism for a more compact body.
NOISE REDUCTION Techniques to minimize visual noise in images, especially in low-light conditions.
NIGHT VISION The capability of a camera to capture images in low-light or dark conditions, often using infrared.
NTSC A television broadcasting standard primarily used in North America.
OPTICAL ZOOM True magnification achieved through the lens optics, without digital enhancement.
OVEREXPOSURE When too much light hits the sensor, resulting in a washed-out image.
PIXEL The smallest unit of a digital image.
PIXEL DENSITY The number of pixels per unit area; higher density yields sharper images.
PTZ (Pan-Tilt-Zoom) A camera system capable of remote directional control and zooming.
PREVIEW A real-time display of the cameras current image before capture.
QUALITY FACTOR A measure of overall image quality, including resolution, color accuracy, and noise.
QUAD Refers to a four-quadrant arrangement, commonly used in sensors or displays.
RESOLUTION The detail an image holds, typically measured in pixels.
RGB A color model based on red, green, and blue components.
RETROFIT Updating an existing system with new technology.
SHUTTER SPEED The duration the cameras shutter remains open to expose the sensor.
SENSOR The device (CCD or CMOS) that converts light into an electronic signal.
SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO (SNR) A measure comparing the level of the desired signal to background noise.
SMART IR Infrared illumination that automatically adjusts based on ambient light.
STROBE A device emitting brief, intense flashes of light, used for image capture or security lighting.
TILT The vertical adjustment of the camera to change its angle of view.
TIME LAPSE A technique that captures frames at a lower rate to create accelerated video sequences.
TRACKING The ability of a zoom lens to maintain focus throughout its zoom range.
ULTRA HD Video with a resolution higher than standard high definition, offering more detail.
UPTIME The duration a system remains operational without interruption.
VIDEO COMPRESSION Techniques, such as H.264, used to reduce digital video file size.
VGA A display standard with a resolution of 640x480 pixels.
VERTICAL FIELD OF VIEW The vertical extent of a scene captured by the camera.
VARIABLE FOCUS Lenses that allow manual or electronic adjustment of focus distance.
WDR (Wide Dynamic Range) Technology that enables cameras to capture detail in both bright and dark areas.
WHITE BALANCE The process of adjusting colors so that white appears neutral under different lighting conditions.
WIDE ANGLE Lenses with a short focal length that capture a broader field of view.
WAVELENGTH The distance between successive peaks of a light wave, affecting color and infrared performance.
XGA A display resolution standard of 1024Χ768 pixels.
X-Y AXIS The horizontal and vertical dimensions used to describe movement or position in an image.
XENON A high-intensity discharge lamp type used in projectors and premium lighting.
YUV A color space that separates luminance from chrominance information, used in video systems.
YIELD A term referring to the efficiency or success rate of a manufacturing process or component performance.
ZOOM LENS A lens with adjustable focal length, allowing for variable magnification.
ZOOM RATIO The ratio of the wide-angle focal length to the telephoto focal length of a zoom lens.
